GS-II: Governance, Polity, IR
Article 370 and J&K statehood
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Special autonomous status for Jammu & Kashmir was granted under Article 370, which was abrogated via Presidential Orders in August 2019. The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 bifurcated J&K into two Union Territories — J&K (with legislature) and Ladakh (without). The Supreme Court's 2023 verdict upheld the abrogation while directing statehood restoration. Key constitutional interplay involves Article 370, Article 35A, Article 3 (reorganisation of states), and the limits of Presidential power during President's Rule under Article 356.