ISRO privatisation
Note
India's space sector liberalisation opens the space economy to private players through IN-SPACe (Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre), NewSpace India Limited (NSIL), and the Space Activities Policy 2023, enabling private entities to build and launch satellites and rockets. Foreign satellite communication operators face DoT-mandated conditions including data localisation, Indian gateway infrastructure, local manufacturing norms, and network blocking mechanisms. Central tensions are balancing commercial growth with national security, spectrum management, and strategic autonomy.
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Questions on this topic
Consider the following pairs regarding India's space sector institutional framework and key concepts:
- IN-SPACe — Regulatory and promotional body for private sector participation in India's space activities
- NSIL — Commercial arm of ISRO for transfer of space technologies and production
- Hyperspectral imaging — Captures data across many narrow, contiguous spectral bands to identify materials through unique spectral signatures
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
Explanation
All three pairs are correctly matched. IN-SPACe (Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre) was established in 2020 as the single-window nodal agency to regulate, promote, and hand-hold private-sector entities — including Indian startups — seeking to participate in space activities, thereby liberalising India's space economy. NSIL (NewSpace India Limited) is the commercial arm of ISRO, tasked with the transfer of mature ISRO technologies to Indian industry and enabling production and launch services on a commercial basis. Hyperspectral imaging is a remote-sensing technique that captures data across dozens to hundreds of narrow, contiguous spectral bands (unlike conventional panchromatic or multispectral imagery), enabling identification of materials, minerals, vegetation types, and other targets through their unique spectral reflectance signatures — the very capability highlighted by Pixxel in applications such as critical mineral detection and camouflage identification.
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