GS-II: Governance, Polity, IR
Primary education
Not met yet — counts as met once you answer a question on it.
Foundational education in India is anchored in Article 21-A and operationalised through the Right to Education Act, 2009, which mandates free and compulsory education. Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan governs Centre–State financial sharing for elementary education infrastructure and teacher deployment. NIPUN Bharat Mission targets foundational literacy and numeracy in early grades, while the National Curriculum Framework guides pedagogical standards. Mid-day meal scheme functions as an education-delivery retention mechanism. Persistent challenges include high dropout rates, teacher vacancies, and the gap between enrolment and learning outcomes at the elementary level.