Swachh Bharat Mission

Launched in 2014 under the Ministry of Jal Shakti (rural) and Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs (urban), Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) pursues open defecation free (ODF) status, construction of individual household latrines (IHHLs), and solid and liquid waste management, with SBM 2.0 adding ODF-Plus sustainability goals. Gram panchayats serve as implementation units, community-led total sanitation (CLTS) drives behavioural change, and Central and State governments share funding. Sanitation outcomes are linked to public health indicators, WASH goals, and SDG 6. Jal Jeevan Mission addresses drinking water supply, while AMRUT covers urban water and sewerage infrastructure.