GS-II: Governance, Polity, IR
US tariffs
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US trade policy shapes India's export competitiveness through instruments including Section 301 tariffs, Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) suspension, and reciprocal tariff frameworks. Sectors particularly exposed include steel, aluminium, and pharmaceuticals. How US trade policy signals — such as convergence on forced-labour bans or steel overcapacity joint statements — translate into tariff concessions or escalations directly affects India's bilateral trade balance. Understanding this mechanism matters for analysing India's negotiating leverage and export strategy within an evolving US–India trade relationship.