Consider the following pairs regarding dairy cooperative models and their associated features in India:

Pairs

1. Anand Pattern — A three-tier cooperative structure linking village-level societies, district unions, and a state federation for milk procurement and marketing
2. Karnataka Milk Federation (KMF/Nandini) — A state-level apex dairy cooperative federation that sets procurement prices paid to milk-producing farmers and retails milk to consumers
3. Farm-gate (procurement) price — The price at which a dairy cooperative purchases raw milk directly from farmers, which is typically lower than the consumer retail price