Consider the following statements regarding the ideological and political context surrounding the founding of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) in 1925:

Statements

1. The Khilafat movement sought to protect the position of the Ottoman Caliph after the First World War, and Gandhi linked it with the Non-Cooperation Movement to build Hindu-Muslim unity against British rule.
2. Hedgewar was associated with the Tilak faction within the Congress and with the Anushilan Samiti, both of which emphasised militant or revolutionary nationalism rather than Gandhian non-violent mass mobilisation.
3. The RSS, under both Hedgewar and his successor M S Golwalkar, actively participated in Congress-led mass movements such as Civil Disobedience and Quit India, even while maintaining an independent organisational identity.