Consider the following pairs regarding the constitutional and legal principles involved in the exercise of ordinance-making power under Article 213 of the Constitution:

Pairs

1. Colourable exercise of power — Legislature enacts a law that is facially valid but designed to achieve an object that falls outside its competence or is constitutionally impermissible
2. Manifest arbitrariness — A legislative or executive action so unreasonable that it lacks an adequate determining principle and bears no rational nexus to the object sought to be achieved
3. Doctrine that a law cannot be stayed unless it is absurd — Courts exercise restraint in granting stays against legislation because the mere possibility of abuse of a provision does not invalidate the law